Marine Sciences Paper 1 (English)

November 2024 — Grade 12 / Matric — Marine Sciences

Past Paper 2024 Grade 12 English

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Q1— Section header —

1.1Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A D\ next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.10\n the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.11

1.1.1The image below illustrates a fish trap used by both early and modern humans. The arrows indicate the direction of fish movement [Source: Examiner]

1.1.2Which ONE of the following aquaculture holding systems uses a biological filtration system? Raceways Sea cages

1.1.3The compound found in sea lettuce ( Ulva spp. characterised by a high nutrient content:

1.1.4

1.1.5

1.1.6The phrases below refer to common factors contributing to climate change in the past. (i\ Increase in the volume of greenhouse gases (ii\

1.1.7An underwater photographer dives with a camera to a certain depth where the camera 's light bulb collapses inward. Which ONE of the following provides the CORRECT combination of factors to explain why the camera

1.1.8The statements below refer to the chemical process of ocean acidification (i\ Carbonic acid is formed (ii\ Carbon dioxide is absorbed by water

1.1.9The image below shows a scuba diver near a coral reef. The diver is wearing a buoyancy control device (BCD\The arrow indicates the direction of the ocean current. [Source: Examiner] Which

1.1.10The diagram below shows the energy balance of the Earth's atmosphere. The arrows indicate the movement of energy from a solar source. Adapted from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/ Diagram.png

1.2Give the correct scientific term/phrase for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term/phrase next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.10\in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.2.1The long term average atmospheric conditions of a region over 30 years

1.2.2Air pumps that bubble air through the water column to enhance oxygen levels

1.2.3The stable carbonate mineral used in biological processes to build up parts of the body

1.2.4A rectangular holding system , used in aquaculture, through which water can flow freely from one end to the other

1.2.5The continuous area of water that the wind blows across in a consistent direction

1.2.6A composite graph that illustrates a place s temperature and precipitation over a year

1.2.7Intervention to decrease the negative impact of damage caused by humans

1.2.8Mature individual fish used by the aquaculture industry for breeding

1.2.9The period in which humans changed from an agrarian economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing

1.2.10The maximum distance of vertical displacement of water particles in a wave from the trough to the crest (10 x (10\

1.3Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY ONLY BOTH A AND

1.3.1Solution to overfishing A: Establish mariculture facilities B: Establish marine protected areas

1.3.2Aquaculture system used for seawater trout A: Rafts B: Ponds

1.3.3Renewable electricity generation A: Osmotic gradient B: Tidal differences

1.3.4Cation A: B:

1.3.5Plunging waves A: Reduced seabed friction B: Reduced wave speed (5 x 2\ (10\ TOTAL SECTION A: 40

Q2— Section header —

2.1Read the information about bycatch landed by the crustacean trawl fishery in KZN in 2021 below. The information was extracted from the 2023 Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE\report on the status of the

2.1Mass (tons\of bycatch landed from the Kwa ulu Natal crustacean trawl fishery for the 2021 fishing season

2.1.1Draw a pie chart to illustrate the mass of the different bycatch. (7\

2.1.2Discuss how the continued removal of spawning adults as bycatch would affect fish stocks. (3\

2.1Explain TWO decision variables that scientists need to take into account when calculating and assessing fish stocks. (2 2\ (4\

2.2Read the text below on the Wilderness Lakes and answer the questions that follow. WILD WILD LAKES The area of the Wilderness Lakes, also known as South Africa Lake District, stretches over a distance of 38 kilometres. Over this distance the Knysna

2.2.1Along which coast of South Africa is this area? (1\

2.2.2Name the climate region of this area. (1\

2.2.3Discuss how the climate named

Q2— Section header —

2.2.4This area has a number of human built development projects. (a\ State ONE potential impact that development could have

Q2— Section header —

2.3Read the hypothetical investigation below illustrating the efficiency of oil collection in the ocean and answer the questions that follow. LAPPING UP THE OIL Treatment of crude oil pollution in sea water has attracted global attention over

2.3.1Identify the independent variable for this investigation. (1\

2.3.2Identify ONE constant variable mentioned for this investigation. (1\

2.3.3Explain why this investigation was not reliable. (2\

2.3.4Give the ratio of oil to water collected with the 1 cm diameter tube. (1\

2.3.5Give a conclusion for this investigation. (2\

2.3.6Explain why the oil is found on the surface. Refer to the chemical properties of the two liquids in your answer. (2\

2.3.7The company decided to test the efficiency of a fourth opening with diameter of 4 cm. The results are shown in the table below. TABLE

2.3.7The volume of oil and water for the 4 cm tube opening DIAMETER (cm\ VOLUME OF OIL VOLUME OF WATER

Q3— Section header —

3.1Study the hypothetical scenario below , outlining a summary on harvesting ocean energy and converting it to electrical energy. Answer the questions that follow. There is a need for cheap alternative energy sources. The W

3.1Costs of energy sources ENERGY SOURCE COST (RSA CENTS PER /h\

3.1.1The following questions refer to FIGURE (a\ Identify the mechanism represented by (1\

Q3— Section header —

3.1.2Use the MAP to answer the following questions: (a\ Where will the OTEC system be more efficient at or

3.1.2(a\ (2\

3.1.3(a\ Besides reducing the financial cost as seen in the data, which OTHER cost does the new prototype also reduce? (1\ (b\ Discuss ONE reason for your answer to

Q3— Section header —

3.1.4In your opinion would tax relief for new renewable energy start up companies benefit the general public? (2\ (13\

3.2

3.3Read the text below about a recent ENSO update. Answer the questions that follow. ENSO STATUS ALERT As of 3 August 2024, equatorial sea surface temperatures were the normal average in the western Pacific and the normal average in the eastern Pacific.

3.3.1Which phenomenon of the ENSO cycle is expected to develop between August and October 2024? (1\

3.3.2Explain why equatorial sea surface temperatures will increase above the normal in the western Pacific AND decrease below the normal in the eastern Pacific in August 2024. (2 2\

3.4Study the diagram below illustrating a coastal dune system to answer the question that follow. [Adapted from

3.4.1(a\ At which point, or , is the calcium carbonate content of the soil likely to be the highest? (1\

Q3— Section header —

3.4.2Would planting of indigenous dune plants to promote dune formation at be beneficial to the ecosystem? Give and motivate your opinion. (2\ (6\ Se

3.5Read the text below based on a hypothetical scenario of a treasure hunter dive. Answer the questions that follow. STORM BURSTS SCUBA DIVER S BUBBLE A treasure hunter was scuba

3.5.1Calculate the volume of the balloon at 23 m. Show ALL calculations. (4\

3.5.2Name the medical condition potentially resulting from the diver ascending too quickly. (1\

3.5.3Explain why the treasure hunter experience turbulence at 3 depth. (4\ (9\ [41] TOTAL SECTION B:41

Q4— Section header —

Q5— Section header —

Topics Identified

GeneticsEcology

Mark Allocation

Total150 marks

Sections34 + 41 + 35 + 35 = 145 marks

Key Information

Websitewww.dffe.gov.za · www.researchgate.net

Paper information

SubjectMarine Sciences

Year2024

SessionNovember

TypePast Paper

PaperPaper 1

LanguageEnglish

Pages16

Downloads4

Examination context

Decade2020s

Years ago2y

SeasonSpring (SH)

Start dayTuesday

Exam periodNovember 2024

Days since exam721

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